Construction Industry Salaries in USA 2025
What tradespeople, contractors, and construction managers really earn
Construction Salary Range (By Trade & Level)
Construction Industry Overview 2025
Construction is America's backbone—and facing a historic skilled labor shortage. With infrastructure spending, housing demand, and an aging workforce, construction salaries have risen significantly. Skilled tradespeople now earn six figures in many markets.
This pillar covers compensation across construction careers—from apprentice electricians and plumbers to general contractors and construction executives. The trades offer one of the clearest paths to high income without a college degree.
Construction pay varies by trade, union status, location, and whether you're employed or self-employed. Overtime is common and can significantly boost annual income. Many tradespeople earn $80,000–$120,000+ with overtime included.
Construction Pay Snapshot: 2025
| Role | Salary Range 2025 |
|---|---|
| Construction Laborer | $35,000–$50,000 |
| Apprentice (Any Trade) | $35,000–$50,000 |
| Journeyman Electrician | $55,000–$85,000 |
| Master Electrician | $75,000–$110,000+ |
| Journeyman Plumber | $55,000–$80,000 |
| Master Plumber | $70,000–$100,000+ |
| HVAC Technician | $50,000–$80,000 |
| Carpenter | $45,000–$75,000 |
| Welder | $45,000–$85,000 |
| Heavy Equipment Operator | $50,000–$80,000 |
| Construction Superintendent | $85,000–$130,000 |
| Project Manager | $90,000–$150,000+ |
| General Contractor (Owner) | $80,000–$300,000+ |
Salaries by Trade
Electricians
Electricians are among the highest-paid trades. Apprentices start at $35,000–$45,000, journeymen earn $55,000–$85,000, and master electricians reach $80,000–$110,000+. Union electricians in major cities (NYC, San Francisco, Chicago) can exceed $100,000 with overtime. Industrial and commercial electricians typically earn more than residential. See our Electrician salary guide.
Plumbers
Plumbing offers similar compensation to electrical work. Journeymen earn $55,000–$80,000, masters $70,000–$100,000+. Self-employed plumbers with established businesses can exceed $150,000. The trade has strong demand due to aging infrastructure. See our Plumber salary guide.
HVAC Technicians
HVAC combines electrical and mechanical skills. Entry-level techs earn $40,000–$50,000, experienced technicians $55,000–$80,000. HVAC business owners often earn $100,000–$200,000+. Demand peaks in summer and winter, creating overtime opportunities. See our HVAC salary guide.
Carpenters
Carpentry ranges from framing ($40,000–$60,000) to finish work ($50,000–$80,000). Custom cabinet makers and high-end finish carpenters can earn $70,000–$100,000+. Union carpenters in major metros often exceed non-union rates by 20–40%.
Welders
Welding compensation varies dramatically by specialty. Structural welders earn $45,000–$70,000, while pipeline welders, underwater welders, and specialized industrial welders can earn $80,000–$150,000+. Certifications significantly impact pay. See our Welder salary guide.
Union vs. Non-Union Pay
| Trade | Non-Union Average | Union Average | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrician | $65,000 | $85,000 | +31% |
| Plumber | $62,000 | $80,000 | +29% |
| Carpenter | $52,000 | $70,000 | +35% |
| HVAC | $58,000 | $75,000 | +29% |
Union workers also receive better benefits (pension, healthcare, training) that add 20–40% to total compensation value.
Geographic Salary Variations
Highest-Paying States for Construction
New York, California, Massachusetts, Washington, and Illinois pay 20–50% above national averages. NYC union electricians can earn $120,000+. California carpenters often exceed $80,000.
Prevailing Wage Projects
Government projects require "prevailing wages" that often exceed market rates by 20–40%. Federal infrastructure spending has increased these opportunities significantly.
Cost of Living Consideration
While coastal states pay more, cost of living is higher. A $70,000 electrician in Texas may have better purchasing power than a $95,000 electrician in California. See our state salary guides.
Construction Career Path
| Stage | Timeline | Typical Pay |
|---|---|---|
| Helper / Laborer | 0–1 years | $35,000–$45,000 |
| Apprentice | 1–4 years | $40,000–$55,000 (rising) |
| Journeyman | 4–10 years | $55,000–$85,000 |
| Master / Foreman | 10+ years | $75,000–$110,000 |
| Superintendent | 15+ years | $90,000–$140,000 |
| Business Owner | Varies | $100,000–$300,000+ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the average construction salary in 2025?
Laborers average $40,000–$45,000, skilled trades $60,000–$80,000, and management $100,000–$140,000. The median across all construction workers is approximately $55,000–$60,000.
Which construction trade pays the most?
Electricians and elevator installers typically earn the most among standard trades ($75,000–$110,000+). Specialized welders (pipeline, underwater) can earn $100,000–$150,000+. Construction managers and general contractors often exceed $120,000.
Can you make six figures in construction?
Yes—master tradespeople, union workers in major cities, superintendents, project managers, and business owners regularly exceed $100,000. Overtime can push many journeymen into six figures. It's one of the best paths to high income without a college degree.
Is an apprenticeship worth it?
Absolutely. Apprenticeships are "earn while you learn"—you get paid ($35,000–$55,000) while gaining skills. No student debt. After 4–5 years, you're a journeyman earning $60,000–$90,000+. It's among the best career investments available.